start by creating a child theme of Twenty Twelve; http://codex.wordpress.org/Child_Themes
possibly add (some of) the code to functions.php of the child theme.
the article is only partly useful as Twenty Twelve does not have any 'thesis' hooks;
the second part needs to be added into footer.php or into a sidebar-footer.php which then needs to be called from footer.php with <?php get_sidebar('footer'); ?>.
also generally review:
http://codex.wordpress.org/Widgetizing_Themes